Logistics and Supply Chain Management for Jaguar Case Study

Question: Discuss about theLogistics and Supply Chain Management for Jaguar Case Study. Answer: Introduction Jaguar is believed to have started in the year 1922. Immediately after the Second World War, the companies' reputation grew abruptly. In the year 1989, the company was purchased by Ford. In 2000, Land Rover which had been bought by BMW earlier in the year 1994, merged with Jaguar which was under Ford to form a more robust Jaguar Land Rover company. Fundamental reasons for the success of the Jaguar Land Rovers Company Sustainable development is the way to operate at the Jaguar Land Rover Company. This is the core value that drives the long-term success of the company(Speth, 2016). The company believes that it is critical to preserving its trust from its customers. This helps it to remain to be the most recognized expensive brand thus enabling it to secure its certificate of operation. The company operates under one principle which allows it to act ethically and responsibly towards its customers, suppliers, shareholders, dealers and most importantly, giving the environment its due respect since it is the mother of all the success a company may enjoy. This happens in every business that the company undertakes in the whole world. The Jaguar Land Rover has been successfully investing in its customers, research, and development. This has helped the company to actively manage its social environment(Trefis, 2015). The company has its people at the heart of its success. The skills, passion, and commitment provided by its employees have always been the idea behind the creation of the existing cars(Jaguar, 2016). These people also use those skills to benefit the community in which they live. The company goes ahead to build a healthy relationship with its community through encouraging its employees to play their part well in the city. For example, working with disabled students or becoming school governors. The company also aims at involving a small percentage of its workers in voluntary activities such as education generation, charity work, and the environment. Its graduates spend at least two years while supporting community projects. This is part of the Jaguar Land Rovers Company. The company also continually look s at its operations and how they affect the people who live near its sites(Jaguar, 2016). This helps them to make the correct and informed choices to aid in maintaining a good relationship with its members. Members of the local council together with representatives of the resident groups also join the Jaguar Land Rover Company to review the companys plans and tell the company about what they think could be done to help the company function better. This helps the company to enjoy a more significant success when compared to other companies. Its policy is to struggle and meet or exceed the legal and regulatory requirements in every activity the company undertakes. It also periodically reports on its performance to the stakeholders more transparently and openly. This helps the company to realize the threats and weaknesses that it has been going through. This immensely helps it to plan even better on how to attain a more sustainable competition in the market. Without any doubt, this is one of the reasons why the company enjoys is more continued and robust success in the market industry. The company has also set some commitments, to begin with, it positively engages with the local and global communities in ensuring that its presence adds value and brings up benefits to the society. This is its central commitment to ensuring it is committed to the well being and development of its employees as well as providing support to the social and humanitarian projects. Secondly, in concern to the environment, it is committed to continuously improve the environmental performance of its business and products through the reduction of the emissions, natural resources conservation and optimization of the use of sustainable energy and materials. Its investment in research highly promotes this. The company also makes sure that it delivers exceptional products and services which meet their customers' needs. It also encourages and helps to ensure a shift towa rds a low carbon society. Jaguar Land Rover has also managed to emerge as the most significant success as a car assembly plant due to the high records it delivered regarding the high demand for luxury cars in China and North America. The growth was seen to be most influential in China with almost 32 percent. The growth was driven by the increased demand for newer models(Monaghan, 2017). The company continues to invest significantly in new models and innovation. For example, news has been circulating that Jaguar Land Rover company may be unveiling its first electric vehicle later this year(Rossolillo, 2018). In respect to its I- Pace, the company is set to unveil a couple of new electric cars for the 2019 production year. It is clear that the luxurious company has been holding up a considerably small percentage in the United States market share. But, due to its recent moves of innovations, the company may propel its significance in the United States market share to a top rank. Its step to developing electric c ars is very critical to our environment. This is because it helps to reduce greenhouse gases emission. In the United States, vehicles are responsible for almost half of the greenhouse gases produced every year globally. This is because the country makes up to nearly thirty percent of the cars in use globally. This was according to a report which was issued in the year 2006 by the environment defense. Transportation in the country has therefore been contributing to roughly thirty percent of the greenhouse gases emissions in the United States. Some efforts to curb this menace such increasing the greenhouse gases and advising people to consider using public means of transport have fallen on deaf ears(GinaMarie, 2011). Therefore, the introduction of the electric cars by the Jaguar Land Rover will see a reduced use of fossil fuels a thing which will highly contribute to the reduction of the greenhouse production. This will profoundly market the company considerably since citizens will have to spend less money on transport compared to the fossil fuel transport since electric power is relatively cheap compared to fossil fuels, and also the environment will also be profoundly saved. How Jaguar Land Rovers Company maintains its competitive advantage Competitive advantage is what makes a company than the competition in its companys minds(Kimberly, 2017). Competitive advantage relies on three determinants. They include; a benefit which is how good the product from the company is to the users. Jaguar Land Rover must be evident in the interests of the product it provides. The company has to make sure that what it produces is something that the customers genuinely need. The product must offer real value to the customers. The company must know the features of its product and how it is significant to the customers. Secondly, we have the target market(Kimberly, 2017). Jaguar Land Rover Company must know who exactly its target buyers are, who buys from it and how it can make their lives better. For example, Jaguar Land Rovers Company targets the VIP buyers who need luxury cars. Then thirdly is the competition. This does not only include companies of the same type as the original company but also everything that the companies could do to subsidize the need of the products from the particular company(Queensland, 2017). For a company to maintain its competitive advantage, it must practice the following attributes. In business, the winners who are clear no matter the size of their business are the ones who can find a new definition around the world of innovation(MacInnis, 2018). They also use new ways of communicating the value of change to their key customers. This can be achieved through the practice of collaboration. Customers are always in the box seat. They are the one who chooses to visit a company's website. They decide to either view the advertisements on the site or not. When a company sends an email to its customers, they are the ones to choose if to open it or not. Therefore, the organization is entitled to collaborating with its customers. It can achieve this collaboration through the use of social media tools such as Facebook, Twitter, blogs or even forums(Lewis, 2018). Jaguar Land Rover organization gets the real value of innovations they come from its customers because they always tell the companies better ways of doing things. For the company to continue enjoying the competitive advantage, it must invite its customers to be part of the organizations planning. It can also be of significant benefit when an organization creates a collaborative culture in its operational activities with its customers. The Jaguar Land Rover Company also needs to offer an understanding and useful insight into it to continue enjoying its competitive advantage. Communication with the customers can be as simple as making a phone call or submitting an online survey for a company(Conlon, 2013). If this is done with a significant sensitivity, it can provide an insight for the company to change something that was making it lose business or help it to create something that will make it continue enjoying the competitive edge. It is also very ideal for a company to share its story for it to keep enjoying the competitive advantage. It is good for the company to stand for what it knows. So many companies have not realized this. Many people prefer buying from a business they know and trust. They get to know what a company has brought to the market through what it has updated on its website. Potential customers give asking themselves questions every day whether to contact a particular business or not. The organiz ation can answer these questions through giving its whole story for the customers to make a decision based on what the organization is. The company is just required to be real and honest with what it offers. This will help it build a long-lasting relationship with its customers while in turn making it continue enjoying the competitive advantage. The Jaguar Land Rover organization needs to be customer-centric(Hill, 2013). It needs to step into the customer's shoes every day through consciously thinking about its customer's touch points such as its websites, business cards, and staff. This awareness helps a company to change how it does things. Suitability of Jaguar Land Rovers Company's ways of maintaining a competitive advantage to other companies Jaguar Land Rover company is a company which is on the brink of revolutionary change. It enjoys the competitive market advantage through innovation, research, and development(PLC, 2015- 2016). Other companies as well emulate this company to advance their stability in the competitive market. This is because the success of any company is always based on its continuous process of anticipating new market trends(Vizard, 2014). If a company formulates an excellent strategic plan and employs a right mapping tools that will help it to identify the fastest growing opportunities in it, then automatically it will maintain its competitive advantage in its market of operation. Sustainability concept An organization has the vital needs that it needs for it to address its challenges in a way that will end transforming the way it operates and competes with the other organization(Rosano, 2008). This is referred to as sustainability. Sustainability concept is an aspect that brings (Autostadt GmbH, 2009)environment, society, and the economy together as the three aspects of sustainability. It also brings the interaction between these three components. This is concept is relevant to the Jaguar Land Rover Company. Through its strategic plan, the company has dramatically reduced the impact of their cars on the environment(Embedding sustainability through enterprise governance, 2009). This has been achieved through several methods such as thee- terrain, more sustainable manufacturing and reduction of the emission of the greenhouse gases. Jaguar Land Rover's sustainability governance structure is part of the reason why sustainability is so embedded strategically in the way they do business( Corporate, 2014). It is this framework and architecture which enables active cross-functional engagement and optimizes the value-add from the finance team Recommendations Jaguar Land Rover (JLR), is the most significant automotive manufacturer in the United Kingdom, future-proofing of its business and embedding environmental innovation in everything it does will be substantial for the creation of stable foundations for responsible, profitable growth. To support its vision, the Jaguar Land Rover Sustainability Committee needs to develop a common and a modern understanding of sustainability issues, in the context of global system pressures, for its members and close associates. Conclusion Jaguar Land Rover group believes in wealth creation and not the economic parameter of profitability. Whatever they earn, whole-heartedly they gift it to the society in the various forms. The current leadership of the group is with Dr. Ralf Speth; he was appointed in 2010. They have booked many directions and been pioneered in various employee oriented efforts. As a result Jaguar Land Rover group is the most respected business conglomerate in the world. The individual profitability or the loss-making incidences are not affecting the strong rootholds of the group. Collectively the group has many companies operating on different continents on the earth. The collective financial performance will battle the economic threats prominently to their group companies. References Autostadt GmbH, W., 2009. LEVEL GREEN - The Concept of Sustainability. [Online] Available at: https://www.yatzer.com/LEVEL-GREEN---The-Concept-of-Sustainability [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Conlon, G., 2013. 3 Ways to Gain and Maintain a Competitive Advantage in the Digital Age. [Online] Available at: https://www.dmnews.com/marketing-strategy/3-ways-to-gain-and-maintain-a-competitive-advantage-in-the-digital-age/article/305871/ [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Corporate, C., 2014. Strategies for impact. Engaging Biffa Employees on Sustainability, pp. 1-29. Embedding sustainability through enterprise governance (2009) Jaguar Land Rover. GinaMarie, C., 2011. The Importance of Electric Vehicles. [Online] Available at: https://www.care2.com/causes/the-importance-of-electric-vehicles.html [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Hill, B., 2013. Why Are Some Firms Able to Sustain Competitive Advantage Over Their Rivals?. [Online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/firms-able-sustain-competitive-advantage-over-rivals-81199.html [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Jaguar, L. R. l., 2016. JAGUAR LAND ROVER IN THE COMMUNITY. [Online] Available at: https://www.jaguar.co.uk/about-jaguar/jaguar-business/community.html [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Kimberly, A., 2017. What Is Competitive Advantage? Three Strategies That Work. [Online] Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-competitive-advantage-3-strategies-that-work-3305828 [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Lewis, J., 2018. Four Methods of Competitive Advantages. [Online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/four-methods-competitive-advantages-32344.html [Accessed 17 April 2018]. MacInnis, D., 2018. 7 Ways to Gain or Maintain Your Competitive Advantage. [Online] Available at: https://www.womensnetwork.com.au/Maintainadvantage [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Monaghan, A., 2017. Jaguar Land Rover posts record sales thanks to demand in China and US. [Online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/may/23/jaguar-land-rover-posts-record-year-in-sales [Accessed 24 April 2018]. PLC, J. L. R. A., 2016. Strategic Report- Jaguar Land Rover annual Report, s.l.: s.n. Queensland, B., 2017. Your competitive advantage. [Online] Available at: https://www.business.qld.gov.au/starting-business/planning/market-customer-research/competitive-advantage [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Rosano, L., 2008. What Is Sustainability?. [Online] Available at: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/what-is-sustainability/ [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Rossolillo, N., 2018. [Online] Available at: https://www.fool.com/investing/2018/02/12/why-jaguar-land-rover-could-become-the-leader-in-e.aspx [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Speth, R., 2016. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY. [Online] Available at: https://www.jaguar.com/about-jaguar/sustainability/sustainable_development_policy.html [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Trefis, T., 2015. Tata Motors Earnings Review: Profits Decline For Both Jaguar Land Rover And The Standalone Business. [Online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2015/02/09/tata-motors-earnings-review-profits-decline-for-both-jaguar-land-rover-and-the-standalone-business/#7080cc0166ab [Accessed 17 April 2018]. Vizard, S., 2014. Jaguar Land Rover looks to cement brand positioning after record sales. [Online] Available at: https://www.marketingweek.com/2014/01/13/jaguar-land-rover-looks-to-cement-brand-positioning-after-record-sales/ [Accessed 17 April 2018].

Othello - Male Characters Essays - Othello, Michael Cassio, Roderigo

Othello - Male Characters Mike Hourie The four main characters in the play Othello represent four different character traits of manhood: Roderigo, the failure; Othello, the hero, yet the insane lover; Cassio, the noblemen; and Iago, the villain, yet the strongest character of the play. Of these four characters Roderigo reveals the weakest character traits. Iago effortlessly profits from Roderigos deficiency in a intelligence, in fact Iago himself said he would not waste time and effort on such a snipe(I iii 387) except for sport and profit. Towards the end of the play Roderigo reveals some traits that might classify him as a man with a spine. He finally stands up to Iago and threatens to expose the conspiracy against Othello and Cassio, but ultimately his flaws overpower his virtuous traits and he is persuaded by Iago to kill Cassio instead. Likewise, Othello is the tragic hero of the play but his character is also weak. Jealousy is Othellos major downfall. He reveals his insecurities in the scene where he strikes Desdemona and calls her a devil. Similarly, in the brothel scene, Othellos insecurities arise when he cruelly questions Desdemona. He condemns her as a simple bawd and a whore, which he has no real proof of. Iago also easily manipulates Othello, like Roderigo, throughout the play. Othello is naive. He demonstrates that a few well-placed suggestions can alter his train of thought, such as when Iago was talking to Cassio and made Othello believe that the lieutenant was speaking of Desdemona instead of Bianca. On the whole, Othello was a weak character and a naive man. In contrast, Cassios character is strong. He spoke about Othello with dignity and grace, which no other character in the play does. Also, Cassio showed extreme loyalty to the Moor. Cassios only flaw is that he temporarily lost his power of reasoning when he was drunk and let himself be manipulated by Iago. All in all, Cassio is a good example of how a man should act; with dignity and honor. Likewise, Iagos character is also strong. He is an intelligent man as can seen in the soliloquy where he is hatching a plan to frame Cassio to get his place (I iii). In the soliloquy Iagos intelligence is revealed in the statement How, How? - To abuse Othellos ear / That [Cassio] is too familiar with his wife.(I iii 396-39). Iago used his intelligence to think of a plan to frame Cassio and bring down Othello at the same time. Iago is also a confident man. Throughout the soliloquy Iago is confident That the moor Will be tenderly led by the nose./ As asses are (I iii 401- 404) and will be easily manipulated. However, if Iago had used his good character traits for good he would have been the hero of the play instead of Othello. On the whole, Shakespeare did an excellent job on setting the character traits for the male characters in the play: Roderigo was the snipe; Cassio, the noble gentleman; Othello, the fallen noble Moor; and Iago, the intelligent, confident and arrogant self-made villain. All the Characters in the play had some good traits but each of them had an appalling attribute that led to their downfall.

How to Bounce Back When You Make a Mistake at Work

How to Bounce Back When You Make a Mistake at Work The reply-all with a snarky comment, when you meant to forward to a trusted friend. The dropped ball that caused you to miss a major deadline.The â€Å"I’m disappointed in you† talk from your boss.So you’ve made a major mistake at work. Or you’ve gotten a poor review, or maybe you just feel like you’re coasting along, performing way below your ability. Whatever the reason, you feel like you’re just barely holding on. What can you  do when you make a mistake at work?At some point in their career, everyone has a stumbling point. Sometimes mistakes happen due to being overwhelmed, making an oversight, or having a moment of carelessness. It happens to everyone, even the most conscientious employee. So when something happens and you feel like you’re sitting in the corner of shame, remember that you’re not the only one. Even the people who are angry with you have been there (or will be) at some point, so try not to take it too perso nally.The Aftermath of your GaffeAfter a mistake, it can feel like you’re stuck in a kind of purgatory. Am I going to get fired? Have I totally ruined my reputation? And everything, every little bobble or mistake, feels magnified. It’s important not to get stuck under this tidal wave of stress and worry. Once you’ve made a mistake, or been called out for poor performance, the most important thing is to step up.Apologize/acknowledge what happened.You don’t need to wear a sandwich board saying, â€Å"I screwed up,† but letting your boss (and anyone affected by the mistake) know that you understand how you failed is key. If you messed up, a simple â€Å"I’m sorry† goes a long way here, just like it does in all aspects of life. And FYI: â€Å"I’m sorry you feel that way† is not a legit apology here.Own itAccept responsibility for what happened. Resist the urge to throw anyone under the bus here; it won’t lessen your o wn consequences, and will just cause further issues and bad blood. That’s not to say you should take all blame; rather, if it’s a shared mistake or problem, be clear about your part in the mistake, and take your share of the blame. Naming names, or the kindergarten classic â€Å"but he was doing it too!† won’t get you any brownie points right now.Show that it won’t happen againIf it was a lapse on your part, let people know that you’re taking action to make sure it doesn’t happen again. If it was a process that failed, show how you’re changing things so that there’s not a repeat.Look for small winsUnfairly or not, you’re likely going to be under increased scrutiny for some period of time, while things are still recent and raw. In addition to making sure the blunder isn’t repeated, it couldn’t hurt to be an A+ employee for a while: show up early, stay late, put in extra hours to show that you’r e back on it. Take on extra projects to demonstrate your commitment to the job. It’s about rebuilding others’ confidence in you, sure, but it’s just as much about rebuilding your own confidence. Succeeding at things, even small ones, can help you get back into your groove while showing everyone else that you’re ready to move onward and upward.Move onIf it’s not a fatal (e.g. firing) mistake (more on that in a bit), this too shall pass. Odds are, things will get back to normal pretty quickly. And while you can’t erase what happened, or make everyone forget what you did, everyone has a job to do. This incident will get lost in the shuffle of everyday work. You might have a rough few weeks, but at some point you’ll notice that things have gotten back to the routine.Ask Yourself: Why Did This Happen?Once you’ve got the problem in hand and have started your apology tour, you have some space to think more about why this happened. Som etimes mistakes just come out of the blue, in a moment of inattention or poor decision-making. Other times they’re part of a pattern of carelessness, or a lack of caring about the job. So after you’ve started the damage control process, it’s time to figure out why you’re in this situation in the first place.Did I make this mistake/perform poorly because I don’t care about this job anymore?Did I make this mistake/perform poorly because I’m overwhelmed by my job, and need to make adjustments?Did this happen because I don’t have the right skill set, or need to know more about how things work?If you made the mistake or got a poor performance review because you’re just not into your jobIt might be time to get out. It’s not ideal to quit straightaway- it’s much better to start exploring your options and opportunities before you jump ship. But if you’re already performing at a lower level because you’re unh appy or disinterested, that’s a major red flag.If the performance issue was due to you being overwhelmed by your jobTalk to your boss. ASAP. It’s time for a very frank discussion about your priorities, your tasks, and your role. If things don’t change and performance continues to slide, that will be on you, and it will make things even more uncomfortable. Your boss has a strong interest in making sure you perform your best and stay a satisfied employee, so don’t fear the conversation. It might be possible to restructure your daily tasks, or find new ways to do them, so that you’re able to do your job at the level you know you can hit.If the mistakes are happening because you don’t have the right skill setYou need to figure out what you’re lacking, and strategize how to either a) get those skills and knowledge; or b) share responsibilities in a way that works for you and your team. It may be that this is something you can handle on you r own (for example, getting trained on a particular kind of software, or taking online seminars about time management). But it may well be that you need help from someone else in your company, and that’s okay. If you need to sit down with someone to understand processes or tasks, do it. If you need help from your boss prioritizing, ask for it. This goes back to showing that you’ve learned from past mistakes, and are trying to get stronger.What If I’m Fired As a Result?Some mistakes, well, sorry to say that you can’t bounce back so easily and keep your job. Say there was a major money loss, or you happened to do something that was considered unforgiveable by the powers that be. If this turns out to be the case, and you’re let go for cause, your career is not over. Remember before, when I mentioned that you have to work hard to prove yourself and move on? That’s doubly true if you’re fired- and you have to cope with that while also look ing for a new job. So it’s not an easy road, but also not impossible.If you lose your job because of performance issues, you still have options:1. Don’t put off your job search.It can be tempting to lay low for a while, but the longer you wait, you’re delaying the inevitable moment you get back out there. You also run the risk of (unintentionally) reinforcing the idea that you’re unhireable, the longer you stay out of the game. As with a big mistake, accept that it happened, think about how you can do better, and find ways to improve and make yourself a stronger candidate.2. Think hard about what you want to do.Is your field really a good fit for you, after how things ended at your last place? If it was just the company or the role that was the problem, that’s a pretty straightforward fix. But this is a chance to think about what you should really be doing next.3. Get your references in place.Given how things ended, you probably won’t want y our most recent boss to sing your praises (especially if you’re not sure what he/she will say), but you can still get former colleagues from other jobs, or people in your network to act as references.4. Spin it.You lost your job, and that’s going to come up when someone sees an end date on your resume, or asks why you left your last job. The important thing is to turn the narrative into a more positive one. â€Å"I left my last position because it wasn’t a good fit. I’m ready to move on to the next challenge.† It’s a little vague and not ideal, but it’s also not a brutally honest, â€Å"I got fired. Hire me please?† Keep in mind that the reasons you were let go might come up during a background or reference check, so it’s best not to flat-out lie about your reasons for leaving.While you’re looking for a new job, the old one might haunt you somewhat. But again, it’s important to acknowledge, accept, and move on with your life. Everyone loves a good comeback story, and if you work hard to be better than your past mistakes, you can pull yourself up and out of the muck. You can survive, you will survive, and you’ll walk away with some very hard-won insight about yourself and your career.

Healthcare Disparities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthcare Disparities - Essay Example In other words, there were separate hospitals for both the whites and the blacks (Williams, 2007). Much has been done to reduce these disparities but the situation is still the same even today. Other racial or ethnic minorities are also affected by these healthcare disparities. The prevalence of disparities among the blacks and racial minorities is still high. Healthcare disparities are common in new AIDS cases among the Blacks and Hispanics, preventive care for pneumonia among the Asians, and communication with healthcare providers among the poor. Access to healthcare services is hampered by healthcare disparities and the response varies from one community to the other. Access to quality healthcare is not a guarantee and this is evident to the uninsured population. Healthcare coverage among the population is based upon the social class. The poor people especially those from the minority and ethnic groups tend to have poor coverage and this has been linked to racial disparities (Mullner, 2009). The federal government should take into consideration the minority and ethnic groups within the population. They should come up with a better policy that addresses the needs of these groups. The most vital thing is to understand how their cultures operate and they will be in a better position to assist them in the best

Healthcare Disparities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthcare Disparities - Essay Example In other words, there were separate hospitals for both the whites and the blacks (Williams, 2007). Much has been done to reduce these disparities but the situation is still the same even today. Other racial or ethnic minorities are also affected by these healthcare disparities. The prevalence of disparities among the blacks and racial minorities is still high. Healthcare disparities are common in new AIDS cases among the Blacks and Hispanics, preventive care for pneumonia among the Asians, and communication with healthcare providers among the poor. Access to healthcare services is hampered by healthcare disparities and the response varies from one community to the other. Access to quality healthcare is not a guarantee and this is evident to the uninsured population. Healthcare coverage among the population is based upon the social class. The poor people especially those from the minority and ethnic groups tend to have poor coverage and this has been linked to racial disparities (Mullner, 2009). The federal government should take into consideration the minority and ethnic groups within the population. They should come up with a better policy that addresses the needs of these groups. The most vital thing is to understand how their cultures operate and they will be in a better position to assist them in the best

Healthcare Disparities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthcare Disparities - Essay Example In other words, there were separate hospitals for both the whites and the blacks (Williams, 2007). Much has been done to reduce these disparities but the situation is still the same even today. Other racial or ethnic minorities are also affected by these healthcare disparities. The prevalence of disparities among the blacks and racial minorities is still high. Healthcare disparities are common in new AIDS cases among the Blacks and Hispanics, preventive care for pneumonia among the Asians, and communication with healthcare providers among the poor. Access to healthcare services is hampered by healthcare disparities and the response varies from one community to the other. Access to quality healthcare is not a guarantee and this is evident to the uninsured population. Healthcare coverage among the population is based upon the social class. The poor people especially those from the minority and ethnic groups tend to have poor coverage and this has been linked to racial disparities (Mullner, 2009). The federal government should take into consideration the minority and ethnic groups within the population. They should come up with a better policy that addresses the needs of these groups. The most vital thing is to understand how their cultures operate and they will be in a better position to assist them in the best

Workplace bullying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Workplace bullying - Essay Example Subsequently, effects in the wider community can include lower production, early retirements and an increase in the costs of health care services. Globally, nations are implementing laws to promote dignity within the workplace, and to ban a range of forms of workplace harassment (Giga & Hoel, 2004). However, actual research of how best to ascertain the presence and degree of workplace bullying within an organisation remains contentious. This paper will explore the suitability of using survey instruments to understand the organisational context of workplace bullying. First the background of workplace bullying shall be outlined. Second a literature review of survey instruments used shall be presented, with a focus on the Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ). Strengths and weaknesses of the survey instrument shall also be identified. The conclusion will resolve the question of survey question suitability, and also provide recommendations for future research. There are various forms of workplace bullying that can be broadly categorized into two main types: 1) work-related and 2) person-related. Work-related bullying is indicated by constant criticism, not being provided with information, and excessive monitoring. Person-related bullying can include being subject to insults, teasing, false allegations, rumors, social exclusion, humiliation and or intimidation (Einarsen & Hoel, 2001; Knott, 2004). Bullying, whether in the workplace or elsewhere, is about power in social relationships, or more specifically, power differences (Hoel & Cooper, 2000). Within the workplace, bullying may also be referred to as mobbing, workplace aggression, petty tyranny or victimization (Aquino, Grover, Bradfield & Allen, 1999). Ultimately, workplace bullying is repetitive, persists over time, and results in a hostile work environment (Hoel & Cooper, 2000).The antecedents to workplace bullying vary across organisations and departments within organisations, howev er, studies point to the values of the organisational culture, the representation of these values in policies, and the roles, and task demands of employees as primary factors (Hoel & Cooper, 2000). The direct consequence of workplace bullying has been shown to be increased stress and negative responses from some employees (Giga & Hoel, 2004). Conceptual issues of how to define and measure workplace bullying in order to understand it are dominant research areas currently (Knott, 2004). Studies show that a failure to address issues of workplace bullying places organisations at risk of increasing costs due to sick leave, compensation and a tarnished public image (Hoel & Cooper, 2000). Literature suggests a focus on the psychosocial aspects of the workplace as potential antecedents and prevention variables (Einarsen, Hoel, Zapf & Cooper, 2003). There is a current emphasis on the use of survey instruments to identify and measure bullying within the workplace adequately account for the or ganisational context. However there is a lack of literature exploring the efficiency